Liberalism and the Enlightenment (Newton, Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Adam Smith, Condorcet) -- Nationalism -- Eighteenth-Century Version (Rousseau) -- Liberalism and Nationalism in the French Revolution -- The Unification of Italy -- The Unification of Germany -- Socialism -- Science and Society -- Imperialism -- The Legacy of the Nineteenth Century -- Communism and Socialism -- The Legacy of the Nineteenth Century -- Integral Nationalism -- The Legacy of the Nineteenth Century -- Modern Liberalism.