BASED ON AN INTERIM REPORT PREPARED BY THE CICS STUDY GROUP ON LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE GULF WAR WITH TITLE: THE GULF WAR.

"Published in cooperation with the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, D.C." Based on an interim report prepared by the CSIS Study Group on Lessons Learned from the Gulf War with title: The Gulf War. Based on an interim report prepared by the CICS Study Group on Lessons Learned from the Gulf War with title: The Gulf War.

1. An Unexpected War. The Uniqueness of the Gulf War. The Gulf War and U.S. Policy Changes. The New World Order. The Future of U.S. Foreign Policy. Foreign Policy Alternatives -- 2. The Failure of Deterrence. Deterrence Theory. The Absence of Prewar Deterrence. Prewar Diplomacy. A New Warning. Barriers to Deterrence. The Soft Line Continues. Another Warning Ignored. Edging Toward War. Warning Failures. The Fateful Meeting. A Call for Action. The Final Chance for a Warning. The Challenge of Deterrence. Arab Negotiations Fail -- 3. The Failure of Diplomacy. The Iraqi Invasion. Postinvasion Deterrence. The First Phase of the Coalition Military Buildup. The Role of U.S. Reserve Units. Assembling an International Consensus. Assembling a Coalition. From Deterrence to Compellence. Strategic Mobility. The Economic Embargo. The Ultimatum -- 4. The Failure of Compellence. Letters from the Troops. Defense Reorganization Initiatives. The Debate over War. Planning the Final Diplomacy Effort. Human-Rights Violations in Kuwait. The National Intelligence Estimate. Reasons for the Failure of Compellence. Enlisting Congressional Support. A Voice in Support of War. The U.S.-Iraqi Meeting. Iraq Awaits War. The Talks Fail. The Congressional Debate. Analyzing the Costs of War. The Last Hope for Peace. Justifications for War. The Onset of War -- 5. The Air Campaign. The High-Technology Warfare Revolution. War-Plan Revisions. Bomb-Damage Assessment. War Improvisations. The Importance of Highly-Trained Military Personnel. The U.S. Navy's Contribution. Preparations for the Ground War. The Effectiveness of the Air Campaign -- 6. One Hundred Hours. Marine Battles. U.S. Ground Forces. Iraqi Ground Forces. Preparations for Battle. Coalition-Building. The Ground Campaign Begins. Nonlinear Warfare. Day Two. The Ground War Strategy. Attacks on the Republican Guard. The Last Hours -- 7. The Gulf War and U.S. Military Strategy. Post-Cold War Defense Planning. Emphasis on Regional Contingencies. Maintenance of Residual Forces. Crisis Response and Forward Presence. Maintaining Modern Systems. War and Politics. Limited Versus Total War. Deterrence. Arms Control. Guiding Principles for Future U.S. Defense Policy.