Introduction : framing the war in Afghanistan /Stephen M. Grenier -- The Afghan government at war / S. Rebecca Zimmerman -- Warlords and the coalition in Afghanistan / Romain Malejacq -- United States : examining America's longest war / Stephen M. Grenier -- Canada : the evolution of a new Canadian way of war / Howard G. Combs -- El Salvador : exporting security in the national interest / Rebecca Bill Chavez -- Germany : the legacy of the war in Afghanistan / Gale A. Mattox -- The United Kingdom : innocence lost in the war in Afghanistan? / Andrew M. Dorman -- France : vigilant pragmatism in Afghanistan / Nicolas Fescharek -- The Netherlands : to fight, or not to fight? : the rise and fall of a smaller power / Rem Korteweg -- The Visegrad four : achieving long term security through alliance support / Marybeth P. Ulrich -- Counterinsurgency in Afghanistan : the UK, Dutch, German and French cases / John A. Nagl and Richard Weitz -- North Atlantic Treaty Organization : transformation under fire / Jack J. Porter -- Jordan and the United Arab Emirates : Arab partners in Afghanistan / Ariel I. Ahram and Daniel P. Brown -- Japan : a new self defense force role, or not? / Takamichi Takahashi -- Australia : terrorism, regional security and the US alliance / Maryanne Kelton and Aaron P. Jackson -- New Zealand : fostering the U.S.-New Zealand relationship / Robert Ayson -- Pakistan : a tale of two allies / Timothy D. Hoyt -- Russia : friend or foe on Afghanistan? / Renanah Miles -- Going forward lessons learned / Gale A. Mattox.