This volume, covering the final years of the Peninsular War and the long trek over the Pyrenees into France, concludes the author's remarkable in-depth study of the army that fought alongside Wellington's redcoats throughout the Peninsular War. Prior to 1813 it was the Spanish armies that bore the brunt of the fighting and his text. Based on primary research in Spanish anf Brititsh archives which will be new to most readers, fills a large and long-standing gap in our knowledge of those Napoleonic campaigns which have always fascinated English-speaking students of the period.