Introduction. The genetics and virology of HIV -- Modes of HIV transmission -- The origins and ancestors of HIV -- HIV becomes a global epidemic -- Where is HIV now? -- Problems, controversies, and solutions. Stigma and discrimination -- AIDS care, cost-effectiveness, and the economic impact of HIV -- Access to care -- Government responses to HIV and AIDS -- HIV vaccine design and the ethics of international clinical trials -- Chronology. Scientific discovery -- Global and regional responses to HIV and AIDS -- Biographies. Zackie Achmant -- Kofi Annan -- Bono -- Siddharth Dube -- Costa Gazi -- Elizabeth Glaser -- Jahnabi Goswami -- Yusuf Hamied -- Mpule Kwelagobe -- Festus Mogae -- Janet Museveni -- Eloan Pinheiro -- Somsak Supawitkul -- Mechai Viravaidya -- Wan Yanhai -- Gao Yaojie -- Data and statistics. HIV and AIDS in the world today -- HIV among women and minorities in the United States -- HIV virology and medicine -- Clinical trials -- HIV in developing countries and access to care -- HIV transmission and the movement of the epidemic -- Cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention, care, and treatment -- HIV surveillance and public health responses to HIV and AIDS -- Stigma and discrimination -- Organizations -- Selected print and nonprint resources.