1Introduction: The Race to Incarcerate 1 -- 2 Incarceration "Experiment" 15 -- 3 Development of the "Tough on Crime" Movement 42 -- 4 Crime as Politics 56 -- 5 Prison-crime Connection 81 -- 6 Limits of the Criminal Justice System on Crime Control 100 -- 7 African Americans and the Criminal Justice System 118 -- 8 War on Drugs and the African American Community 142 -- 9 What's Class Got to Do with It? 162 -- 10 "Give the Public What It Wants": Media Images and Crime Policy 171 -- 11 Unintended Consequences 178 -- 12 A New Direction for a New Century 189.