Cyber weapons and cyber warfare have become one of the most dangerous innovations of recent years, and a significant threat to national security. Cyber weapons can imperil economic, political, and military systems by a single act, or by multifaceted orders of effect, with wide-ranging potential consequences. Unlike past forms of warfare circumscribed by centuries of just war tradition and Law of Armed Conflict prohibitions, cyber warfare occupies a particularly ambiguous status in the conventions of the laws of war. Furthermore, cyber attacks put immense pressure on conventional notions of sovereignty, and the moral and legal doctrines that were developed to regulate them. This book, written by an unrivalled set of experts, assists in proactively addressing the ethical and legal issues that surround cyber warfare by considering, first, whether the Laws of Armed Conflict apply to cyberspace just as they do to traditional warfare, and second, the ethical position of cyber warfare against the background of our generally recognized moral traditions in armed conflict.

IntroductionCybe and the changing face of war / Claire Finkelstein and Kevin Govern -- The nature of war and the idea of "cyberwar" / Larry May -- Is there anything morally special about cyberwar? / James L. Cook -- Cyber causation / Jens David Ohlin -- Cyberterrorism and enemy criminal law / Stuart Macdonald -- Cyberwar versus cyber attack : the role of rhetoric in the application of law to activities in cyberspace / Laurie R. Blank -- The rise of non-state actors in cyberwarfare / Nicolò Bussolati -- Re-thinking the boundaries of law in cyberspace : a duty to hack? / Duncan B. Hollis -- Cyber espionage or cyberwar? International law, domestic law, and self-protective measures / Christopher S. Yoo -- Deception in the modern, cyber battlespace / William H. Boothby -- Evidentiary issues in international disputes related to state responsibility for cyber operations / Marco Roscini -- Low-intensity cyber operations and the principle of non-intervention / Sean Watts.