This book explores the ideological rivalry which is fuelling political instability in Muslim polities, discussing this in relation to Pakistan. It argues that the principal dilemma for Muslim polities is how to reconcile modernity and tradition. It discusses existing scholarship on the subject, outlines how Muslim political thought and political culture have developed over time, and then relates all this to Pakistan's political evolution, present political culture, and growing instability. The book concludes that traditionalist and secularist approaches to reconciling modernity and tradition h.

Description based upon print version of record.

Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication ; Table of Contents; List of figures; Maps; Chronology of major political events; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction; Research design, strategy and method; Motivation for this book; Organization of this book; 2.Deconstructing political culture; Introduction; The importance of political culture; Defining political culture; Political culture research; Hegemony; Clash; Phenomenology; Conclusion; Part 1:Foundational sphere of inquiry; 3.The theory of knowledge and Qur'anic epistemology; Introduction; Deconstructing occidental epistemology. PlausibilityDenial; Qur'anic epistemology -- 'certainty of knowing'; Sources of knowledge; Intrinsic and extrinsic knowing; How can I know?; The Gettier problem and the Qur'anic formula for knowing; Conclusion; 4.Political values: the Qur'an, Prophetic sayings and the Rashidun Era; Introduction; Political values from the Qur'an and Prophetic sayings; Rashidun Caliphate -- 632-61 AD; The first Caliph: Abu Bakr 632-34 AD; The second Caliph: Umar 634-44 AD; The third Caliph: Uthman 644-56 AD; The fourth Caliph: Ali 656-61 AD; Conclusion; 5.Islamic civic culture; Introduction The importance of peaceful coexistenceThe conceptual framework for inclusion; The spirit of coexistence in Islam: a normative framework; The myth of the 'Other'; Linguistic heritage; Jihad, jizyah and justice; Conclusion; Notes; Part 2: Contextual and individual spheres of inquiry; 6.The Pakistan movement and competing ideologies; Introduction; The interaction of religion and society in Islam; Leadership and the Pakistan movement; Traditionalist leaders; The secularists; The revivalists; Muhammad Iqbal; Muhammad Ali Jinnah; Conclusion; 7.Constitutional development in Pakistan; Introduction HistoryBirth of a nation: the interim constitution 1947-58; Exploring constitutional development; The constitutional cases; The constitution of 1956; Collapse of the 1956 Constitution; The Dosso case; The third constitution: General Ayub Khan; The constitution of 1962; Ayub Khan's resignation; The 1970 Elections and the Rise of Zulfiqar Bhutto; The Asma Jilani case; The constitution of 1973; The scourge of constitutional amendments; Conclusion; 8.The ideological discord promoting civil and military hegemony; Introduction; Military interventionism in Pakistan Two political propensities in PakistanA military-hegemonic political system; Weakening of military hegemony; The 'dominant-party' political system; Persistence of hegemonic forces; Conclusion; 9.Conclusion: the real to the ideal; Conclusion; Theoretical assertions; Applying the 'foundational' values; Final thoughts; Index