Abstract: Racial acceptance and equality in the United States would have been established in the early 1900s had the Republican Party "stayed the course" with its Civil War Reconstruction initiatives that foreshadowed today's Full-Spectrum Operations in Iraq. The paper discusses four presidents and the political climate having direct impact on the course of action taken during this critical period in shaping the United States policy towards the African-American. North won the war and freed African-Americans who bonded with the Republican Party. Reconstruction ended with a de facto enslavement of the African-American with their chains not being broken until the 1960s. The hope of the Iraqi democracy rests with Full Spectrum Operations from the lessons learned during the Civil War Reconstruction period.

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