Multinational logistics is proposed as having considerable potential, but this has yet to be substantially realized in any post-Cold War coalition operation. This delta between what is perceived possible and the current level of logistic support to coalition operations is the impetus for this monograph. The intent is to explore the potential and limitations of multinational logistics. Rather than a broad, generic analysis of this topic, specificity allows a more concrete appraisal of the issues. This is achieved through focus upon a logistic function and placing the analysis in the context of an actual coalition relationship. The function chosen for this purpose is Reception, Staging, Onward Movement and Integration (RSOI). The coalition partners chosen are the U.S. and Australia. The purpose, therefore, is to seek options to improve the conduct of RSOI within the framework of the U.S. and Australian military relationship. This in turn becomes a micro-analysis of multinational logistics. The methodology used to achieve this purpose entails an assessment of the current levels of interoperability between Australian and the U.S., defined in terms of doctrine equipment and demonstrated performance. This allows identification of gaps in interoperability, and a consideration of viable options for improvement. There is a high level of consistency and compatibility throughout the single service and joint doctrine of both nations in respect to the definitions and terminology that relate to the RSOI process. This is also true of the coalition doctrine applicable to both. While this offers a firm basis, there is an absence of guidance regarding the detailed procedures for conducting RSOI within a multinational framework. A more active and definitive doctrinal role by the American, British, Canadian and Australian Armies' (ABCA) Program, as the de facto coalition organization for both nations, is a feasible solution. The level of equipment interoperability between the two nations varies. More significantly, budgetary constraints and competing requirements such as the pursuit of self reliance by Australia render it difficult to pursue further compatibility of equipment fleets and materiel. What is perceived as viable is increasing the interoperability of information systems that assist in the conduct of RSOI. It is within the performance of RSOI that the degree of interoperability appears most deficient. The review of recent coalition operations undertaken by both nations does reveal the provision of mutual assistance and support. However, it also highlights failure or shortfalls in the application of agreements and arrangements designed to facilitate multinational logistics. Also witnessed was the necessity for ad hoc arrangements to compensate. In general, a more deliberate and committed approach is necessary to ensure improved performance in the future. The finding of this analysis is that there is potential available for improved efficiency and effectiveness through the application of multinational logistics. Progress, however, is not available through a singular solution but through multiple steps consisting of reactive fixes and long term measures. Furthermore, for marked progress to be made requires a long term commitment to improved multinational compatibility. This commitment must commence well before the identification of coalition partners for any given operation.

ADA436241 Approved for public release; Distribution is unlimited. The opinions and conclusions expressed herein are those of the student-authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College or any other governmental agency. (References to these studies should include the foregoing statement.)