Jointness between army and naval forces has been the focus of many historical studies. Yet, it is often difficult to determine how effective jointness was in accomplishing the required mission. Would the outcome have been the same if the forces operated more jointly? To help resolve this problem, this research focuses on a comparison and analysis between the jointness in the successful siege of Charleston by the British in 1780, and the unsuccessful siege of Charleston by the Union in 1861-1865. This research examines what role jointness played in the successful and failed sieges of Charleston during the two time periods. Charleston's geography and fortifications played a key role in necessitating the need for forces to operate jointly. The effect of battle command and centers of gravity in relation to how forces operate jointly is also discussed. This research serves as a historical case study to help better understand the importance of jointness.

Approved for public release; Distribution is unlimited. The opinions and conclusions expressed herein are those of the student-authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College or any other governmental agency. (References to these studies should include the foregoing statement.)