"A comprehensive look at torture, this book examines societal understanding of its use, how we got here, and how it might be regarded in the future. Torture and Enhanced Interrogation: A Reference Handbook begins with an overview of the history of torture, beginning in Ancient Greece and continuing to Guantanamo Bay and beyond. After grounding the reader in the historical fundamentals, the work goes on to examine the key controversies that surround the use of torture, including but not limited to whether it should be used at all as an aid to interrogation or to procure testimony. Then, the book presents the views of several outside contributors with personal experience or special expertise in the area. The book achieves a balance of profiles of those persons and organizations that have played a role in the development of our understanding of torture, a data and documents section, and an annotated bibliography for future research, as well as an event timeline and glossary of key terms. This volume aims to present facts in as objective a way as possible while providing readers with the resources they need for further study. Exposes the main myths about torture and its use. Provides readers with a solid foundation in the topic. Discusses the likely future of torture in the US and elsewhere. Reflects the author's expertise in the form of informed and nuanced perspectives essays."--Amazon.com description.

1. Background and history. Introduction -- Ancient Greece -- The Roman Republic -- Western Europe -- England -- Church courts -- Advances in criminology -- The United States -- World War II -- The United Nations -- Algeria -- Modern Greece -- Ireland and the U.K. -- The United States in the Civil Rights Era -- American use of torture abroad -- Researching torture -- Banning torture -- South America -- The convention against torture -- U.S. reaction to the convention against torture -- The War Crimes Act of 1996 -- 9/11 and America's response -- Abu Ghraib -- The Obama administration -- Chelsea Manning and WikiLeaks -- The future of torture -- 2. Problems, controversies, solutions. How do we define torture? -- United Nations -- European Commission/European Union -- Organization of American States -- African Commission -- Association of Southeast Asian Nations -- Summary -- Is torture an effective tool? -- World War II: Noor Inayat-Khan and the Gestapo -- The Korean War -- The Vietnam War -- The CIA's KUBARK manual -- What alternatives to torture exist? -- Should torture be abolished? -- Conclusion -- 3. Perspectives. Seeking freedom and justice: a survivor's story / by Fekade Ancho -- Torture survivors as policy advocates / by Andrea Barron -- Torture is never legal / by Marjorie Cohn -- These are the facts about torture / by Sabrina Crews -- The CIA's Global Counterterrorism Torture Program, 2001-2009 / by Jonathan Horowitz -- Human trafficking and terrorist groups / by Elif Isitman -- My true direction / by Marissa Quenqua -- Systematically stripped of dignity / by Rebecca Smith -- 4. Profiles. Gerry Adams -- Philip Agee -- Amnesty International -- Cesare Beccaria -- Jay Bybee -- Felix Dzerzhinsky -- Lynndie England -- Gina Haspel -- Donald O. Hebb -- Innocent IV -- Omar Khadr -- Pieter (Peter) H. Kooijmans -- Chelsea Manning -- Juan E. Méndez -- Alberto J. Mora -- David A. Passaro -- Donald H. Rumsfeld -- Alfredo "Scap" Scappaticci -- George Wickersham -- John Yoo -- 5. Data and documents. Data -- Treaties against torture -- U.S. attitudes toward torture (2017) -- World attitudes toward torture (2014) -- Documents -- Assize of Clarendon (1156) -- Heinrich Himmler's memo on the third degree (June 12, 1942) -- Convention for the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms (November 4, 1950) -- CIA report on using torture to induce assassination (January 22, 1954) -- CIA counterintelligence manual (1963) -- Convention against torture (December 10, 1984) -- U.S. Senate ratification of the convention against torture (October 27, 1990) -- Memo from John Yoo to William Haynes (January 9, 2002) -- Memo from Jay Bybee to Alberto Gonzales (August 1, 2002) -- Executive order 13491: ensuring lawful interrogations (January 22, 2009) -- 6. Resources. Research strategies -- The Freedom of Information Act -- Congressional and Federal Government reports -- U.S. National Archives -- State government reports -- United Nations documents -- Canadian government documents -- British government documents -- The Internet Archive/Wayback Machine -- Specific sources -- Academic journals -- Governmental and United Nations reports -- Nongovernmental organizations -- Testimony from torture survivors -- The interrogators -- Torture in the United States and Canada -- Torture by United States and Canadian personnel abroad (or with their cooperation) -- Torture in Europe, Africa, and Asia -- Studies on torture -- Treaties and UN resolutions -- 7. Chronology.