Aichi 99 Kanbaku 'Val' units 1937-42
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Aichi 99 Kanbaku 'Val' units 1937-42
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The mainstay of the Imperial Japanese Navy's carrier dive-bomber force from 1941 onwards, the Aichi Type 99 Carrier Bomber (D3A), code-named 'Val' by Allied intelligence, sank more Allied warship tonnage than any other Axis aircraft during World War 2. With its fixed, spatted undercarriage and external dive brakes, the D3A possessed a superficial resemblance to that other great dive-bomber in the Axis arsenal, the Junkers Ju 87, and, as reflected in a wartime Allied ditty, 'Val' was indeed 'the Stuka's pal'. First entering service in China in late 1939, the 99 Kanbaku figured prominently in all the great carrier battles of the IJN during the first full year of the Pacific War, from Pearl Harbor through the Indian Ocean to the Coral Sea and Midway. Such were the finely honed skills of its crews that, during the Indian Ocean operation of April 1942, the 99 Kanbaku scored the highest hit ratio in combat of any dive-bomber in history by sinking the Royal Navy's heavy cruisers HMS Cornwall and Dorsetshire and the light carrier HMS Hermes.
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