This volume addresses an important problem in social scientific research on global religions and spirituality: How to evaluate the role of diverse religious and spiritual (R/S) beliefs and practices within the rapid evolution of spiritual globalization and diversification trends. The book examines this question by bringing together a panel of international scholars including psychologists, sociologists, and researchers in religious studies, public health, medicine, and social work. The content includes chapters describing innovative concepts of post-Christian spirituality, Eastern forms of meditation, afterlife beliefs associated with the three dominant cultural legacies, various non-religious worldviews, spiritual Jihad, and secular and religious reverence. The book also covers such important themes as spiritual well-being, faith, struggle, meaning making, modeling, and support, as well as mysticism and using prayer to cope with existential crises. This book advances the understanding of the role of R/S across different faiths and cultural systems, including both Western and non-Western ones, and enriches the mainstream of psychological sciences and practices. It appeals to students, educators, researchers, and clinicians in multiple related fields and disciplines.

Part I: The Past and the Trend Calling for New Dimensions -- Mainstreaming the Assessment of Diverse Religions and Spirituality in Psychology - Richards, P. Scott (et al.) -- Part II: Advanced Topics Related to Spiritual Worldviews -- The Post-Christian Spirituality Scale (PCSS): Misconceptions, Obstacles, Prospects - Houtman, Dick (et al.) -- The Connection of Soul (COS) Scale: Different Worldviews on What May Happen to Individuals After Death - Ai, Amy L. (et al.) -- Counting the Nonreligious: A Critical Review of New Measures - Coleman, Thomas J., III (et al.) -- Measuring Three Distinct Aspects of Meaning in Life: The Multidimensional Existential Meaning Scale (MEMS) - Park, Crystal L. (et al.) -- The Religious and Spiritual Struggles (RSS) Scale: Stability Over One Year - Stauner, Nick (et al.) -- Part III: Spiritual Emotions and Personal Experiences -- Reverence in Religious and Secular Contexts (RRSC): A Self-Report Measure - Ai, Amy L. (et al.) -- The Self-Expansiveness Level Form: A Measure of a Transpersonal Construct - Friedman, Harris L. -- Using Private Prayer for Coping (UPPC): Its Role and Mechanisms in Adversities Facing Diverse Populations - Ai, Amy L. (et al.) -- The Spiritual Orientation Inventory (SOI): A Multidimensional Measure of Humanistic Spirituality - Lazar, Aryeh -- The Expressions of Spirituality Inventory (ESI): A Multidimensional Measure for Expression of Multi-Domain Spirituality - Lazar, Aryeh -- Part IV: Spiritual Diversity in Under-Investigated Cultures -- Measures of Muslim Religiousness Constructs and a Multidimensional Scale - Amer, Mona M. -- Applying a Mindset of Spiritual Jihad to Religious/Spiritual Struggles: The Development of a Preliminary Measure - Saritoprak, Seyma N. (et al.) -- Measuring Mindfulness Grounded in the Original Buddha's Discourses on Meditation Practice - Ng, Siu-man (et al.) -- The Measure of Diverse Adolescent Spirituality (MDAS) and Refined Findings from Mexican and Salvadoran Youth - King, Pamela E. (et al.) -- Part V: Spirituality-Based Specific Concepts -- The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS): Cross-Cultural Assessment Across 5 Continents, 10 Languages, and 300 Studies - Paloutzian, Raymond F. (et al.) -- The Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSRFQ): A Brief, Nondenominational, and Multicultural Assessment Tool - Plante, Thomas G. -- The Mysticism Scale as a Measure for Subjective Spirituality: New Results with Hood's M-Scale and the Development of a Short Form - Streib, Heinz (et al.) -- The Perceived Spiritual Support Scale (PSSS): Measuring Support from the Deep Connection with Diverse Sacred Entities - Ai, Amy L. (et al.) -- Spiritual Modeling Self-Efficacy (SMSE): A Stand-Alone Measure - Oman, Doug (et al.) -- The Faith Q-Sort: In-Depth Assessment of Diverse Spirituality and Religiosity in 12 Countries - Nynäs, Peter (et al.) -- Part VI: Conclusion -- Diverse Spirituality Revisited: Lessons Learned - Wink, Paul (et al.).