War by other means -- The original boundaries of militant democracy: Adenauer and Schumacher -- Boundary erosion: Willy Brandt, Egon Bahr, and the political culture of Détente -- Helmut Schmidt: the Bulwark, the balance, and the two-track decision -- The popular front of the 1970s: some quantitative measures -- Daring more democracy meets the long march: West German peace research -- Conservatism, Tendenzwende, and militant democracy -- The war of words begins: reinterpretation and response, December 1979 to November 1981 -- Schmidt's fall, Kohl's rise: December 1981 to October 1982 -- History, language, and strategy: November 1982 to August 1983 -- Democratic resilience: Fall 1983 -- Aftermath and the INF Treaty, 1983-1987 -- War by other means: theoretical implications and political consequences.