This study presents the first broad coverage of Indian experiences in the American Revolution rather than Indian participation as allies or enemies of contending parties. Colin Calloway focuses on eight Indian communities as he explores how the Revolution often translated into war among Indians and their own struggles for independence. Drawing on British, American, Canadian and Spanish records, Calloway shows how Native Americans pursued different strategies, endured a variety of experiences, but were bequeathed a common legacy as result of the Revolution.

Prologue: New worlds for all: Indian America by 1775 -- Corn wars and civil wars: the American Revolution comes to Indian country -- Odanak: Abenaki ambiguity in the North -- Stockbridge: the New England patriots -- Oquaga: dissension and destruction on the Susquehanna -- Fort Niagara: the politics of hunger in a refugee community -- Maquachake: the perils of neutrality in the Ohio country -- Chota: Cherokee beloved town in a world at war -- Tchoukafala: the continuing Chickasaw struggle for independence -- Cuscowilla: Seminole loyalism and Seminole genesis -- The peace that brought no peace -- Epilogue: A world without Indians?.