Synopsis: This book informs educators and attorneys about the legal responsibilities of teaching distance learning courses, and helps educational institutions avoid unwanted copyright infringement liability. The book includes a CD ROM with valuable appendices such as the educational fair use guidelines for classroom photocopying, music, electronic reserves, library lending and preservation, multimedia presentations, and television broadcasts; sample copyright permission letters; the text of the TEACH Act; a flowchart comparing the current classroom and distance learning rules; and more.

Preface -- About the author -- Chapter 1: Overview of distance learning -- 1-1: Nature of distance education today -- [1]: What is distance education? -- [2]: Levels of courses -- [3]: Technologies -- [a]: Evolution -- [b]: New characteristics -- [4]: Library resources -- [5]: Copyright policies -- [6]: Accreditation -- [7]: Who is taking the courses? -- [a]: In general -- [b]: Current trends -- [8]: Who is providing distance education? -- [a]: Providers in general -- [b]: Postsecondary statistics -- [c]: Nonprofit versus for-profit education -- [d]: Partnerships -- 1-2: Future of distance education -- 1-3: Clash of law and technology -- Chapter 2: Basics of copyright law -- 2-1: United States copyright law -- [1]: Purpose of copyright law -- [2]: Subject matter and scope of protection -- [a]: Eligibility for protection -- [b]: Published and unpublished works -- [c]: Works not eligible for protection -- [d]: Categories of protectable works -- [3]: Copyright ownership -- [a]: Transfer of ownership -- [b]: Licensing -- [c]: Preemption of state law claims -- [4]: Term of protection -- [a]: Works not protected before January 1, 1978 -- [b]: Works already under statutory protection before January 1, 1978 -- [5]: Notice, deposit, and registration -- [6]: Exclusive rights -- [a]: Right to reproduce the work -- [b]: Right to prepare derivative works -- [c]: Right to distribute copies -- [d]: Right to perform the work publicly -- [e]: Right to display the work publicly -- [7]: Limitations on exclusive rights -- [a]: Fair use -- [b]: Library exemptions -- [c]: First sale doctrine -- [d]: Educational use exemptions -- [e]: Other limitations -- [8]: Copyright infringement -- [a]: General -- [b]: Infringing importation -- [c]: Contributory and vicarious liability -- [d]: Civil remedies -- [e]: Criminal offenses -- [f]: Defenses -- [9]: Sovereign immunity -- [a]: General -- [b]: Background of the litigation -- [c]: Supreme Court's analysis -- [d]: Impact -- 2-2: International implications of copyright law -- [1]: International framework -- [2]: International treaties and agreements -- [a]: World intellectual property organization -- [b]: World Trade Organization -- [3]: Copyright compared to author's rights -- [4]: National treatment -- [a]: Berene convention -- [b]: Rome convention -- [c]: TRIPs agreement -- [d]: NAFTA -- [5]: Private copying royalty systems -- [6]: Moral rights -- [7]: Conflict of laws -- Chapter 3: Fair use guidelines -- 3-1: Fair use in the commercial sector -- [1]: Introduction -- [a]: Purpose and character of the use -- [b]: Nature of the copyrighted work -- [c]: Amount and substantiality of the portion used -- [d]: Effect on the market for the original work -- [e]: Summary judgment standard -- [2]: Medium of expression -- [a]: Unpublished works -- [b]: Published books -- [c]: Newspapers and magazines -- [d]: Film -- [e]: Internet -- [f]: Music -- [g]: Photographs -- [3]: Fair use factors: just a means to an end? -- 3-2: Doctrine of fair use and education -- [1]: Purpose and character of the use -- [2]: Nature of the copyrighted work -- [3]: Amount and substantiality of the portion used -- [4]: Effect of the use on the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work -- 3-3: Fair use guidelines for educators -- [1]: Classroom photocopying -- [2]: General library exceptions -- [a]: Exceptions for preservation and replacement -- [b]: Exceptions for patron research -- [c]: Further limitations on reproductions for patrons -- [d]: Exceptions for newscasts -- [e]: Exceptions for orphan works in last twenty years of their term -- [f]: Liability -- [g]: Fair use and contracts -- [h]: Section 108 study group -- [3]: Traditional library reserves at educational institutions -- [4]: Electronic reserves at educational institutions -- [5]: Interlibrary loans -- [6]: Copyrighted music -- [a]: Copying sheet music -- [b]: Creating derivative works -- [c]: Recording music -- [d]: Performing music -- [e]: Downloading music -- [7]: Off-air recording of television broadcasts -- [8]: CONFU fair use guidelines for distance learning -- [9]: Performance and display of works while teaching -- [a]: Face-to-face teaching -- [b]: Distance learning -- [10]: Educational multimedia guidelines -- [11]: ACRL guidelines for distance learning library services -- [12]: Interrelationship of the fair use guidelines -- Appendix 3-A: Agreement on guidelines for classroom photocopying -- Appendix 3-B: Photocopying by libraries for patrons and preservation -- 1: General conditions -- 2: Copying for preservation purposes -- 3: Copying for patrons -- 4: Multiple copies and systematic reproduction -- 5: Educational uses -- Appendix 3-C: Fair use guidelines for electronic reserve systems -- A: Introduction -- B: Scope of material -- C: Notices and attributions -- D: Access and use -- E: Storage and reuse -- Appendix 3-D: CONTU guidelines on photocopying under interlibrary loan arrangements -- Appendix 3-E: Guidelines for educational uses of music -- A: Permissible uses -- B: Prohibitions -- Appendix 3-F: Guidelines for off-air recording of broadcast programming for educational purposes -- Appendix 3-G: Educational fair use guidelines: distance learning -- 1: Introduction -- 1-1: Preamble -- 1-2: Background -- 1-3: Distance learning in general -- 2: Applicability and eligibility -- 2-1: Applicability of the guidelines -- 2-2: Eligibility -- 2-2-1: Eligible educational institution -- 2-2-2: Eligible students -- 3: Works performed for instruction -- 3-1: Relation to instruction -- 4: Transmission and reception -- 4-1: Transmission (delivery) -- 4-2: Reception -- 5: Limitations -- 5-1: One time use -- 5-2: Reproduction and access to copies -- 5-2-1: Receiving institution -- 5-2-2: Transmitting institution -- 6: Multimedia -- 6-1: Commercially produced multimedia -- 7: Examples of when permission is required -- 7-1: Commercial uses -- 7-2: Dissemination of recorded courses -- 7-3: Uncontrolled access to classes -- 7-4: Use beyond the 15-day limitation -- Endorsing organizations -- Appendix 3-H: Fair use guidelines for educational multimedia -- 1: Introduction -- 1-1: Preamble -- 1-2: Background -- 1-3: Applicability of these guidelines -- 2: Preparation of educational multimedia projects using portions of copyrighted works -- 2-1: By students -- 2-2: By educators for curriculum-based instruction -- 3: Permitted uses of educational multimedia programs created under these guidelines -- 3-1: Student use -- 3-2: Educator use for curriculum-based instruction -- 3-2-1: For face-to-face instruction -- 3-2-2: Assigned to students for directed self-study -- 3-2-3: For remote instruction to students -- 3-3: Educator use for peer conferences -- 3-4: Educator use for professional portfolio -- 4: Limitations-time, portion, copying and distribution -- 4-1: Time limitations -- 4-2: Portion limitations -- 4-2-1: Motion media -- 4-2-2: Text material -- 4-2-3: Music, lyrics, and music video -- 4-2-4: Illustrations and photographs -- 4-2-5: Numerical data sets -- 4-3: Copying and distribution limitations -- 5: Examples of when permission is required -- 5-1: Using multimedia projects for non-educational or commercial purposes -- 5-2: Duplication of multimedia projects beyond limitations listed in these guidelines -- 5-3: Distribution of multimedia projects beyond limitations listed in these guidelines -- 6: Important reminders -- 6-1: Caution in downloading material from the Internet -- 6-2: Attribution and acknowledgment -- 6-3: Notice of use restrictions -- Future uses beyond fair use -- 6-5: Integrity of copyrighted works: alterations -- 6-6: Reproduction or decompilation of copyrighted computer programs -- 6-7: Licenses and contracts -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Chapter 4: Locating And Negotiating With Creators -- 4-1: Investigating the copyright status of a work -- [1]: Methods of approaching a copyright investigation -- [2]: Searching copyright office catalogs and records -- [a]: Catalog of copyright entries -- [b]: Individual searches of copyright records -- [3]: Searching by the copyright office -- [a]: In general -- [b]: Information needed -- [4]: Private information services -- [5]: Search limitations -- [a]: Searches not always conclusive -- [b]: Protection in foreign countries -- [6]: Impact of copyright act amendments -- [a]: Copyright registration -- [b]: Copyright notice -- [c]: Works already in the public domain -- 4-2: Obtaining permission and "orphan" works -- [1]: Contacting the owner -- [2]: Issues with orphan works -- [a]: Obstacles to identifying and locating copyright owners -- [b]: Legal background -- [c]: Recent proposals -- 4-3: Licensing of copyrighted works -- [1]: Elements of traditional licensing -- [a]: Use of preexisting copyrighted works -- [b]: Participants in the licensing process -- [c]: Types of licenses -- [2]: Licensing for digital distance education -- [a]: Amount and types of material licensed -- [b]: Alternatives to licensing -- [3]: Licensing procedures -- [a]: Educational institutions -- [b]: Copyright owners -- [4]: Problems in licensing -- [5]: Trends and future developments -- [a]: Technological protections and online licensing systems -- [b]: Collective management -- [c]: Evolving approaches to digital licensing -- 4-4: Negotiating effective license agreements -- [1]: Fundamental requirements -- [2]: Key definitions -- [a]: Authorized users -- [b]: Fee -- [c]: Licensed materials -- [d]: Secure network -- [3]: Usage rights -- [a]: Licensee rights -- [b]: Authorized user rights -- [c]: Fair use exemption -- [4]: Prohibited uses -- [a]: Explicit prohibitions -- [b]: Issues regarding "policing" students -- [5]: Representations and warranties -- [a]: Representations and warranties of the licensor -- [b]: Representations and warranties of the licensee -- [6]: Indemnification provisions -- [7]: Termination events -- [8]: Assignments and sublicensing -- [9]: Miscellaneous provisions -- [a]: Acceptance -- [b]: Amendment and waiver -- [c]: Integration -- [d]: Severability -- [e]: Force Majeure -- [f]: Governing law and forum -- [g]: Notice -- [10]: Licensing, the UCC and UCITA -- [a]: History and construction of the Uniform Commercial Code -- [b]: Intellectual property licenses -- [c]: UCITA -- 4-5: Database legislation -- Appendix 4-A: Request for permission for classroom use -- Appendix 4-B: Request for permission to publish -- Chapter 5: Distance learning and the Internet -- 5-1: Copying and linking on the World Wide Web -- [1]: Principles of law and the WWW -- [2]: Using materials from the Internet -- [3]: Use and misuse of links on the Internet -- [a]: Copyright infringement claims -- [b]: Trademark infringement claims -- [c]: Breach of contract claims -- [4]: Posting and linking on the WWW and the first amendment -- 5-2: Issues concerning joint works -- [1]: Contribution to the "new" work -- [2]: Intent to contribute to a derivative work -- [3]: Qualification as a derivative work -- 5-3: Ownership of the electronic course -- [1]: Copyright ownership and the work for hire doctrine -- [2]: Work for hire and the "teacher exception" -- [3]: Scope of employment -- [4]: Written agreements affecting copyright ownership -- 5-4: Digital millennium copyright act -- [1]: WIPO treaty implementation -- [a]: Technical amendments -- [b]: Technological protection systems -- [c]: Integrity of copyright management information -- [d]: Remedies -- [2]: Online copyright infringement liability limitation -- [a]: Section 512(h) subpoenas -- [b]: Eligibility for ISP limitations generally -- [c]: Limitation for transitory communications -- [d]: Limitation for system caching -- [e]: Limitation for information residing on systems or networks at the direction of users -- [f]: Limitation for information location tools -- [g]: Notice and takedown requirements -- [h]: Special rules regarding liability of nonprofit educational institutions -- [3]: Conclusion -- 5-5: Children's Internet Protection Act -- [1]: Evolution of CIPA -- [a]: Children and the Internet -- [b]: Related congressional efforts to protect children from inappropriate online content -- [c]: CIPA today -- [d]: NTIA's evaluation of technology protection measures and Internet safety policies -- [2]: Internet safety policies -- Appendix 5-A: Sample computer acceptable use policy -- Chapter 6: TEACH Act -- 6-1: Federal legislation promoting distance learning -- [1]: Postsecondary student financial aid -- [a]: General -- [b]: Federal assistance rules -- [2]: Star schools program assistance act -- [3]: Assistance for disabled students -- [a]: General -- [b]: Technical standards -- [c]: Functional performance criteria -- [d]: Information, documentation, and support -- 6-2: General application of copyright law to distance education -- [1]: General principles of copyright law -- [2]: Lawful uses -- [a]: Instructional exemptions -- [b]: Fair use -- [c]: Other exemptions applicable to distance learning -- [d]: Compulsory licenses -- 6-3: Prior initiatives addressing copyright and digital distance education -- [1]: Fair use guidelines -- [2]: Congressional consideration -- [a]: Early legislative efforts -- [b]: Congressional mandate -- [c]: Copyright office process -- [d]: Copyright office report -- 6-4: Enactment of the TEACH Act -- [1]: Legislative background -- [2]: Understanding the TEACH Act -- [a]: Works subject to the exemption -- [b]: Eligible transmitting entities -- [c]: Qualifying performances and displays; mediated instructional activities -- [d]: Limitations on receipt of transmissions -- [e]: Additional safeguards to counteract new risks -- [f]: Interaction with the DMCA -- [g]: Transient and temporary copies -- [h]: Ephemeral recordings -- [i]: Digitizing copies of works -- [j]: Relationship to fair use -- [k]: Contractual obligations -- [l]: USPTO report -- [m]: Conclusion -- 6-5: Technological protection systems -- [1]: Introduction -- [2]: Core technologies -- [a]: Encryption -- [b]: Digital watermarking -- [c]: Authentication -- [3]: Digital rights management systems -- [a]: Trusted computing -- [b]: Rights models and expression languages -- [c]: DRM architecture -- [d]: Types of DRM systems -- Appendix 6-A: S-487 -- Appendix 6-B: Flowchart comparing and contrasting section 110(1), old section 110(2), the CONFU distance learning guidelines and the TEACH Act.