Begining in 2007, the Transparency and Accountability Project of the Brookings Institution and the Results for Development Institute sponsored 16 "independent monitoring agencies" that "undertook expenditure- or performance- monitoring projects in health and education" in Africa, East and South Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America. This book is a compilation of those organizations' findings -- x-xi

Improving governance from the ground up -- Gather the budget data -- Follow the money -- Examine the spending -- Recommend solutions -- Disseminate and advocate -- Possibilities and lessons of independent monitoring.