"This report asserts that while the United States and other governments have taken steps to secure international transportation systems, supply chains remain vulnerable to terrorist attacks and are exposed to the introduction of unauthorized people or weapons. It also responds to an industry concern that government action to impose tougher standards and processes erodes trade efficiency by adding cost and complexity. In this report, Rice and Spayd help business leaders and security managers quantify the business case for increasing investment in security. The report discusses investments in supply chain security that have shown promise to create collateral benefits, as well as emerging benefits that need to be considered."

"May 2005."