"Recent U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) policy banned transgender personnel from serving openly in the military. Potential changes to this policy raised questions regarding access to gender transitionûrelated health care, the range of transition-related treatments that DoD will need to provide, the potential costs associated with these treatments, and the impact of these health care needs on force readiness and the deployability of transgender service members. A RAND study identified the health care needs of the transgender population and transgender service members in particular. It also examined the costs of covering transition-related treatments, assessed the potential readiness implications of a policy change, and reviewed the experiences of foreign militaries that permit transgender personnel to serve openly"--Publisher's description.

Chapter one.Introduction : Study Approach -- Organization of This Report ; Chapter two. What Are the Health Care Needs of the Transgender Population? : Definitions of Key Terms and Concepts -- Health Care Needs of the Transgender Population -- Military Health System Capacity and Gender Transition-Related Treatment -- Potential Consequences of Not Providing Necessary Gender Transition-Related Care ; Chapter three. What Is the Estimated Transgender Population in the U.S. Military? : General Population Estimates of Transgender Prevalence -- Prevalence-Based Approach to Estimating the Number of Transgender Service Members in the U.S. Military ; Chapter four. How Many Transgender Service Members Are Likely to Seek Gender Transition-Related Medical Treatment? -- Prevalence-Based Approach to Estimating the Number of Gender Transition-Related Treatments in the U.S. Military -- Utilization-Based Approach to Estimating the Number of Gender Transition-Related Treatments in the U.S. Military -- Summarizing the Estimates ; Chapter five. What Are the Costs Associated with Extending Health Care Coverage for Gender Transition-Related Treatments? : Private Health Insurance Cost Estimates -- Sensitivity Analyses -- Summarizing the Estimates ; Chapter six: What Are the Potential Readiness Implications of Allowing Transgender Service Members to Serve Openly? : Impact on Ability to Deploy -- Impact on Unit Cohesion -- Costs of Separation Requirements Related to Transgender Service Members ; Chapter seven. What Lessons Can Be Learned from Foreign Militaries That Permit Transgender Personnel to Serve Openly? : Policies on Transgender Personnel in Foreign Militaries -- Effects on Cohesion and Readiness -- Best Practices from Foreign Militaries -- Lessons Learned and Issues to Consider for U.S. Military Policy ; Chapter eight. Which DoD Policies Would Need to Be Changed if Transgender Service Members Are Allowed to Serve Openly? : Accession Policy -- Retention Policy -- Separation Policy -- Deployment Policy ; Chapter 9. onclusion ; APPENDIXES : A. Terminology -- B. History of DSM Terminology and Diagnoses -- C. Treatments for Gender Dysphoria -- D. Review of Accession, Retention, and Separation Regulations.