Part I. An international organisation for keeping the peace: Pacific settlement, collective security and international peacekeeping -- Peace operations and the UN-US relationship -- Part II. Soft security perspectives: -- Human security -- Human rights: civil society and the United Nations -- International criminal justice -- International sanctions -- Part III. Hard security issues: The nuclear threat -- International terrorism -- Kosovo 1999 -- Iraq's challenge to world order -- The responsibility to protect -- Developing countries and the eroding non-intervention norm -- Part IV. Institutional developments: Reforming the United Nations -- The political role of the United Nations Secretary-General -- Conclusion: At the crossroads of ideals and reality.