Foreword. Intelligence, civil-intelligence relations, and democracy / Robert Jervis -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Intelligence reform : balancing democracy and effectiveness / Thomas C. Bruneau and Steven C. Boraz -- Challenges to effective intelligence in modern democracies -- Executive privilege : intelligence oversight in the United States / Steven C. Boraz -- Rethinking judicial oversight of intelligence / Elizabeth Rindskopf Parker and Bryan Pate -- U.S. intelligence prior to 9/11 and obstacles to reform / William J. Lahneman -- Keeping "earthly awkwardness" : failures of intelligence in the United Kingdom / Peter Gill -- Cultural legacies of French intelligence / Douglas Porch -- Democratic control of intelligence in new democracies -- Structural change and democratic control of intelligence in Brazil / Marco Cepik -- Taiwan's intelligence reform in an age of democratization / Steven E. Phillips -- Establishing democratic control of intelligence in Argentina / Priscila Carlos Brandão Antunes -- Romania's transition to democracy and the role of the press in intelligence reform / Cristiana Matei -- Transforming intelligence in South Africa / Kenneth R. Dombroski -- Terrorism's threat to new democracies : the case of Russia / Mikhail Tsypkin -- Ethical and moral issues in intelligence reform : the Philippines / Douglas J. Macdonald -- Conclusion: Best practices : balancing democracy and effectiveness / Steven C. Boraz and Thomas C. Bruneau.