Retrospect / Merle Curti -- An interpretation of the American Peace Movement, 1898-1914 / David S. Patterson -- World War I and the liberal pacifist in the United States / Charles Chatfield -- The making of the modern peace movement / Charles DeBenedetti -- The peace movement in the thirties / Lawrence S. Wittner -- Direct action, 1957-1963 / James Tracy -- From civil rights to the second wave of the feminist movement, 1960-1975 / Harriet Hyman Alonso -- The clamshell alliance: consensus and Utopian democracy / Barbara Epstein -- A perspective on the history of American peace movements / Charles F. Howlett.