An introduction to contemporary educational testing and measurement -- High-stakes testing -- The purpose of testing -- Norm- and criterion-referenced tests and content validity evidence -- Measuring learning outcomes -- Writing objective test items -- Writing essay and higher order test items -- Performance-based assessment -- Portfolio assessment -- Administering, analyzing, and improving the written test -- Marks and marking systems -- Summarizing data and measures of central tendency -- Variability, the normal distribution, and converted scores -- Correlation -- Validity evidence -- Reliability -- Accuracy and error -- Standardized tests -- Types of standardized tests -- Assessing children with disabilities in the regular classroom: a growing need -- Methods to assess children with disabilities in regular education classrooms -- In the classroom : a summary dialogue.