Examines the reaction within the United States, the United Kingdom, and the wider international community to the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001.

3 October 2001.

The attacks of 11 September 2001 -- Reaction to the attacks: US, UK, other -- Osama bin Laden and the al-Qaeda network: background, past attacks, US measures against -- Afghanistan: background, Soviet invasion, civil war, emergence of the Taliban, human rights and the Taliban -- Osama bin Laden and the Taliban: UN sanctions, EU relations, debate on extradiction of, Northern Alliance, prospects for a political settlement -- Humanitarian situation in Afghanistan -- Pakistan: background; ethnicity, religion, and the military; militant groups; popular reaction -- Wider context: Iran, Russia, Central Asia, regional -- International legal issues: treaties, use of force against terrorists, humanitarian laws of war -- Military options: debate within Bush adminstration, Operation Enduring Freedom, UK military assistance, likely key elements, role of NATO, asymmetric warfare -- Possible developments.