Includes index.

Theory and practice. Multinational peacekeeping in the Middle East and the United Nations model / Richard W. Nelson -- What went wrong? / Nathan A. Pelcovits -- The demise of the MNF / Augustus Richard Norton -- The multinational force in Beirut / Richard W. Nelson -- UN authority and U.S. power / Ramesh Thakur -- The MNF players. The American peacekeeping role in Lebanon / Geoffrey Kemp -- The ambiguous role of France / Anthony McDermott and Kjell Skjelsbaek -- Italy's role in peacekeeping operations / Franco Angioni and Maurizio Cremasco -- Some lessons from British participation / J.A. Kenny and Peter Woolley -- Other interested parties. "If we take fire ... we're gonna return it" : how a peacekeeping force took sides / Robert Fisk -- A tragic experiment in the diplomacy of misunderstandings / Ghassan Tueni -- The relationship between the MNF and the Lebanese armed forces / Mounir Rohayem. Israeli expectations and conclusions / Ze'ev Schiff -- The Palestinians and the MNF / Helena Cobban -- The Shiites and tNF / Helena Cobban -- The Shiites and the MNF / Augustus Richard Norton -- External interventions and internal wars in Lebanon, 1770-1982 / Marwan Buheiry -- A summary of the international workshop / John Mackinlay.