Access is restricted. Individual development course allows the student to analyze the practice of warfare to supplement what he has learned about the theory of war. Students will critically evaluate operational military history by analyzing specific battles or campaigns. The subject for analysis will be the "first battles" in the 19th and 20th century American and European military experience. Specifically, students will examine first battles or campaigns selected from the following wars: Prussian-Austrian War, 1866; Franco-Prussian War, 1870; Russo-Japanese War, 1904; World War I; World War II; American Civil War; Spanish American War; Korean War. Students will use historical and analytic techniques learned in P612 and P651 to assess the degree to which the battle or campaign lived up to the expectations of the participants. The results of student analysis will provide the basis for seminar discussions.