Force and diplomacy in American history -- Naval strategy in the twentieth century -- Disarmament between World Wars -- The negotiation and enforcement of multilateral agreements -- The application or threat of sanctions under League Covenant -- Attempts to modify or implement the sanctioning provisions of the League Covenant -- Agreements embodying sanctions outside the League Covenant : violations and responses -- United States responses to treaty violations by the use of sanctions, 1931-1941 -- The sanction of nonrecognition as practiced by the United States -- Roosevelt and Churchill : a reinterpretation of the diplomacy of World War II -- President Truman's control of national security policy -- Victory in modern war.